INOVASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI ARITMATIKA SOSIAL BERBASIS MOBILE ANDROID UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL VISUAL SISWA SMP KELAS VIII

ABSTRAK  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis mobile android yang bertemakan game among us. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rasa prihatin terhadap tingkat pemahaman siswa yang disamaratakan saat proses kegiatan belajar mengajar berlangsung. Pada dasarnya setiap siswa memiliki kecerdasan majemuk yang jika dipahami dapat membantu guru menyampaikan materi pembelajaran, terutama materi pembelajaran matematika sesuai dengan cara belajar siswa. Media pembelajaran berbasis mobile android ini menggunakan Smart App Creator 3 dan aplikasi desain lainnya. Media ini diperuntukkan bagi peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dan sederajat kelas 8 khususnya dengan kecerdasan spasial visual meliputi materi aritmatika sosial. Adapun metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development/R&D). Pada metode penelitian R&D¸ dilakukan beberapa tahap pengukuran kualitas media meliputi kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan dan bersifat valid, praktis, serta efektif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari media pembelajaran interaktif ini adalah valid, praktis, dan efektif. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan penilaian akhir 83,33% dari para ahli, 89,6% dari respon guru, serta 90% dari respon siswa, penilaian tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak dan tidak revisi. Kata kunci: ADDIE; media; kecerdasan spasial visual; pembelajaran   ABSTRACT  This study aims to produce mobile-based interactive learning media Android with the theme of games among us. The background of this research is concern to a generalized level of student understanding during the teaching and learning process take place. Basically every student has multiple intelligence if understood can help teachers deliver learning material, especially learning material mathematics according to the way students learn. Android mobile based learning media it uses Smart App Creator 3 and other design apps. This medium is intended for junior high school students (SMP) and the equivalent grade 8, especially with Visual spatial intelligence includes social arithmetic material. The method used in this research is research and development (Research and Development / R & D). In the R & D research method, several stages of measuring the quality of the media are carried out including: validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Based on the research that can be done It is concluded that the product has met the specified criteria and is valid, practical, and effective for use in learning. Conclusion The research results obtained from this interactive learning media are valid, practical, and effective. This is evidenced by the final assessment of 83.33% of the experts, 89.6% of the experts teacher response, as well as 90% of student responses, the assessment is in the very category worthy and not revision.   Keywords: ADDIE; learning; media; visual spatial intelligenc

Antibacterial Effects of Chitosan, Formocresol and CMCP as Pulpectomy Medicament on Enterococcus ‎faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus ‎mutans

Introduction: During pulpectomy of primary teeth, cytotoxic medicaments such as formocresol or camphor mono-chlorophenol (CMCP) are used as medicaments. For the first time it is theorized that chitosan can substitute these traditional materials used in pulpectomy of infectious primary teeth. Methods and Materials: This preliminary in vitro study consisted of two separate phases (n=75), each of which assessed the antibacterial effects of chitosan versus formocresol and CMCP and positive/negative controls (n=15) on three bacteria types [Enterococcus ‎faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus ‎mutans, (n=5 per subgroup)]. Phases 1 and 2 concerned respectively with 1- and 7-day effects of these materials. Bacteria were cultured and injected into sterilized canals and colonies were counted. Medicaments were applied and colonies were re-counted after 1 day of treatment (phase 1). Specimens were re-sterilized and re-randomized, and used for phase 2, in which the same procedures were performed for a 7-day period. Effects of agents on bacteria were analyzed statistically (Kruskal-Wallis α=0.05 and Mann-Whitney α=0.017). Results: Treatments reduced bacterial count either after 1 or 7 days (P=0.000). Their effects on different bacteria types were not significant either after 1 or 7 days (P>0.48). Antibacterial efficacies of treatments (indicated by colony reduction) were significantly different, after 7 days (P=0.045). Antibacterial efficacy of chitosan was similar to that of formocresol or CMCP, in both phases [either after 1 or 7 days of treatment (P>0.017). Formocresol and CMCP had similar efficacies in either phase (P>0.017). Conclusions: This preliminary study confirmed the appropriate antibacterial efficacy of chitosan as a medicament in pulpectomy of infectious primary teeth.Keywords: Antibacterial Agents; Camphor Mono-Chlorophenol; Chitosan; CMCP; Enterococcus ‎faecalis; Formocresol; Medicament; Pulpectomy; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus ‎mutan

A Bibliometric Analysis of International Journal of Nursing Studies (1963 – 2018)

Purpose- This study set to present a general overview of the International Journal of Nursing Studies (IJNS) from 1963 to 2018 using bibliometric indicators to assess its performance. Design/methodology/approach- This study is a bibliometric analysis. The articles of the IJNS were analyzed. Scopus database was used for collecting articles. Excel software was used to analyze the process of publishing journal articles, identify top countries, institutes, and authors and extract highly cited articles in the journal. The visualization of the keywords in the articles published in the journal was done using the VOSviewer software. Findings- The results of the bibliometric analysis showed that the United Kingdom with 966 papers, King\u27s College London with 130 papers and Bergman R with 25 papers were the most productive and influential countries, universities, and authors contributing to the IJNS. The paper of Keeney S. (2001), entitled A critical review of the Delphi technique as a research methodology for nursing , was the most highly cited article in the IJNS from the beginning of 1963 to the end of 2018. The clustering of published keywords suggests that psychometric and nursing care issues are emerging journal clusters added to the journal in the last two decades. Conclusion- The evolution process of the IJNS is positive and growing. This Journal has attracted much attention from researchers and authors around the world as a pioneer and leading journalist in the field of nursing. Originality/value- This is the first comprehensive study offering a bibliometric overview of the leading trends of the IJNS over its history

Does color modalities affect handwriting recognition? An empirical study on Persian handwritings using convolutional neural networks

Most of the methods on handwritten recognition in the literature are focused and evaluated on Black and White (BW) image databases. In this paper we try to answer a fundamental question in document recognition. Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), as eye simulator, we investigate to see whether color modalities of handwritten digits and words affect their recognition accuracy or speed? To the best of our knowledge, so far this question has not been answered due to the lack of handwritten databases that have all three color modalities of handwritings. To answer this question, we selected 13,330 isolated digits and 62,500 words from a novel Persian handwritten database, which have three different color modalities and are unique in term of size and variety. Our selected datasets are divided into training, validation, and testing sets. Afterwards, similar conventional CNN models are trained with the training samples. While the experimental results on the testing set show that CNN on the BW digit and word images has a higher performance compared to the other two color modalities, in general there are no significant differences for network accuracy in different color modalities. Also, comparisons of training times in three color modalities show that recognition of handwritten digits and words in BW images using CNN is much more efficient

ANTISPASMODIC EFFECTS OF YARROW (ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L.) EXTRACT IN THE ISOLATED ILEUM OF RAT

Achillea millefolium L. is cultivated in Iran and widely used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of A. millefolium on the contraction and relaxation of isolated ileum in rat. In this experimental study, aerial parts of A. millefolium were extracted by maceration in ethanol 70% for 72h. Terminal portion of ileum in 100 male Wistar rats was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in an organ bath containing Tyrode solution (37 degrees C, pH 7.4) under one gram tension. Acetylcholine (1mM) and KCl (60mM) were used to create isotonic contractions. Propranolol and N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methylester hydrochloride (L-NAME) were used to investigate the mechanisms of action prior to giving the extract to the relevant groups. Data were compared by ANOVA and Turkey's post hoc test.. The results showed that the ileum contraction was induced by KCl and acetylcholine induced contraction was significantly reduced by A. millefolium extract. The cumulative concentrations of A. millefolium relaxed the KCl and acetylcholine induced contractions (n=14, p<0.001). The inhibitory effect of extract on contraction induced by KCl and acetylcholine was not significantly affected neither by propranolol (1 mu M) nor by L-NAME (100 mu M). There was no significant difference in the rate of relaxation by propranolol and L-NAME between the two groups. In conclusion, A. millefolium can inhibit contraction of smooth muscle of ileum in rat, and it can be used for eliminating intestinal spasms. These results suggest that the relaxatory effect of A. millefolium on ileum contractions can be due to the blockade of voltage dependent calcium channels. In addition, the beta-adrenoceptors, cholinergic receptors and nitric oxide production are not powerful actors in inhibitory effect of A. millefolium. So, the nitric oxide and adrenergic systems may also be involved in the antispasmodic effect of A. millefolium

The study of nurses’ viewpoint on the use of learning organization principles

Introduction: Nowadays due to the dramatic speed of improvements in medical sciences, the use of learning organization approach is essential to make hospitals dynamic. Therefore, applying the learning organization is beneficial as it has practicability. From the viewpoint of Senge, an organization would be a learner if the five principles of personal mastery, mental models, common vision, team learning, and systems thinking are taken into account. According to the central role of nurses in making positive changes in professional nursing activities and responding to patients’ needs, the aim of this study was to assess the nurses’ viewpoint on the use of learning organization principles in Imam Reza hospital in Sirjan city.Methods: In this cross–sectional study, all staff nurses of Imam Reza hospital constituted the sampling. Senge’s learning organization questionnaires, after applying the necessary changes and determining its reliability and validity, was used to gather data. All participants were informed of the goals of the study. Finally, 141 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: The average scores of learning organization for all parameters were higher than the average score of each parameter. There was a significant difference between contract-based nurses with permanently employed nurses and tarhy nurses in the light of the total score of questionnaire, team learning, and systems thinking (P 0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results, the rate of applying learning organization principles in this hospital was more than the average. This indicates the importance of positive perspectives, reinforcement of information, team work, creating a shared perspective of the future, and systems viewpoint. Therefore, stabilizing the employment conditions, having hopes for the future of work, and recruiting younger staff are all highly beneficial in the application of learning organization principles

Assessment of Nutritional Status Based on STRONGkids Tool in Iranian Hospitalized Children

Background &amp; Objective: Malnutrition is very common in hospitalized children and is associated with related clinical consequences such as increased risk of infections, increased muscle loss, impaired wound healing, longer hospital stay and higher morbidity and mortality. The estimated prevalence of acute malnutrition in hospitalized children varies from 6.1 to 40.9% in different countries. The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the efficiency of STRONGkids (Screening Tool for Risk On Nutritional Status and Growth) tool for assessing malnutrition in hospitalized children in Iran. Methods: All children older than 28 days admitted to the pediatric hospital (Dr. Sheikh, Mashhad, Iran) were enrolled in this study and the screening tool named STRONGkids was applied for them. The anthropometric measurements were measured by a trained operator using standard methods and equipments. The children were classified in three groups of being at high risk, moderate risk and low risk of malnutrition. Results: According to STRONGkids score; 17% of children were classified as low risk, 75% as moderate risk and 8% as high risk group. According to WFH, HFA and WFA z-scores31.4%, 19.2% and 28% of children were identified as moderately and severely malnourished respectively. According to MUAC cut-offs, 3.4% of children were classified as having moderate malnutrition and there was no child with severe malnutrition. Conclusion: It is very important to recognize the nutritional status of the children as early as possible because of its effects on children’s growth. Therefore, evaluating the nutritional status of the hospitalized children is an essential step in clinical assessment. We suggest to apply the STRONGkids score aside with other clinical and anthropometric data

The effect of education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (C.P.R) on knowledge of nursing staff and C.P.R team members in a hospital in Kerman province

Approximately half of the cardiac arrest mortality occurred in hospitals and nurses are one of the key persons in acceptance duty. For proper performing resuscitation nurses have to have theoretical knowledge and practical skill. Literature review shows knowledge as well as skill deficiency among nurses in this topic. To investigate the effect of CPR education by booklets and brushers on knowledge of Emergency staffs and members of CPR team in one Kerman province hospital at2008. In this quasi-experimental study، to assess CPR knowledge a questionnaire consists of 15 items was used. After confirming the validity and reliability، it was distributed among participants (CPR team and emergency ward staffs). After pretest، booklets and brushers (according to the new protocol of CPR for each part of subject) were distributed among participants. Post test was done after 8 days and data were analyzed by SPSS17. According to the results، after education، knowledge scores of staff about CPR was significantly more than that of before education (P<0.001). Mean of knowledge scores of ICU and CCU nurses in both pre test and post test were higher than that of others (P<0.001). It can be concluded that education، even if it would be inexpensive and brief، has positive effect on improvement of nurses’ knowledge. This study highlights the role of education in development of competency and confident of nurses in the topic of CPR Keywords: Education, knowledge, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation team, nurs

Pengaruh Work-Life Balance terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Kerja dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus di RSUD Karanganyar)

This study aims to determine the effect of work-life balance on workforce performance in Karanganyar Hospital with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable. Work-life balance is a person's ability to balance the demands of work with their personal and family life. This research is included in quantitative research. The sample in this study were 40 workers who worked at the Karanganyar Regional General Hospital (RSUD). The sample selection technique in this study is to use simple random sampling where each element of the population has an equal chance of being selected as a subject. The analytical tool in this study is path analysis using the Smart PLS software. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Job satisfaction plays a role in mediating the relationship between work-life balance and workforce performance; 2) The balance of satisfaction has a positive effect on job satisfaction; 3) The balance of satisfaction has a negative effect on workforce performance; 4) The balance of involvement has a positive effect on job satisfaction; 5) The balance of involvement has a positive effect on job satisfaction; 6) Time balance has no effect on workforce performance; 7) Time balance has a positive effect on workforce performance

Effects of empowerment program on attitude toward disease in patients with diabetes

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic disease that produces serious incapacitating complications and education has an important role to successful control of it. Reviews of literature show perform of empowerment programs for activating patients in their self care roles are inadequate, so these kinds of survey are essential. Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of empowerment program on attitude toward disease in type 1 diabetes patients. Method: In this semi-experimental research, subjects consist of 40 type 1 diabetes patients that randomly divided into two equal intervention and control groups. Diabetes empowerment scale were used for data collection, both of groups completed the questionnaires. Then empowerment program during six, 90 minutes sessions were held for intervention group. Six weeks after intervention both of groups completed the questionnaires again. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: Finding showed no significant difference in attitude toward disease before the intervention. (p>0.05) but after the intervention, positive changes had been created in intervention group (p=0.000). Conclusion: Implementation of empowerment program had significant effects on attitude toward disease for type 1 diabetes patients, and caused positive changes in total scale of attitude toward disease and patient’s autonomy subscale, so implementation of similar programs can improve attitude toward disease and therefore accept responsibility by patient, and finally can improve patient’s health status. Keywords: Empowerment program, Attitude toward disease, Type 1 Diabete